Hiligaynon
A prefix denoting the present tense active frequentative. Changes that pan- undergoes are determined by the following rules:
a.) nagapam-is used with verbs beginning with "m", "b" or "p", e.g. nagapamalá (malá); nagapamakál (bakál); nagapamángkot (pángkot). N.B. Verbs beginning with the letter "m" have the same form for the Freq. and Caus., e.g. pamalá (malá). In such cases the context has to decide the true meaning.
b.) nagapan-is used with verbs beginning with "d", "s" or "t", e.g. nagapanámgo (dámgo); nagapanílhig (sílhig); nagapanístis (tístis).
c.) nagapang-is used with verbs beginning with "h", "l" or "y", e.g. nagapanghunâhúnà (hunâhúnà); nagapanglángbas (lángbas); nagapangyáwyaw (yáwyaw).
d.) nagapang-is used with verbs beginning with a vowel or "k", e.g. nagapangámpò (ámpò); nagapangínit (ínit); nagapangúbug (úbug); nagapangótkot (kótkot); nagapangisáykísay (kisáykísay).
N.B. The corresponding forms for the past, imperative and future (nagpan-, magpan-and magapan-) are often shortened into nam-, nan-, nang-, nang-; mam-, man-, mang-, mang-, e.g. nangáyò (nagpangáyò); nangabúdlay (nagpangabúdlay); nanúmbung (nagpanúmbung); mamányos (magapamányos); mangutána (magpangutána), etc. etc.