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To treat well, lavish upon, bestow great care upon, tend, look well after. Ginamuymuyán níya ang íya kabáyo sang labíng maáyo nga pagsagúd. He takes very good care of his horse. Namúymuyán iníng báka sing pílì nga hilamón. This cow was treated to choice grass, was fed very well.

A potential verbal prefix denoting the past tense passive and corresponding to the future ma-It can frequently be translated by "got, was, became", e.g. nagútum siá. He was hungry. Nadakúp siá. He got caught. Nabúdlay siá. He became weary (tired, exhausted). Na-is often interchangeable with gin-, though the rule is that gin-should be used, when the agent is expressly stated and na-, when the agent is not determined, e.g. gingubâ sang bágyo ang ámon baláy. Our house was destroyed by the hurricane. Nagubâ ang ámon baláy. Our house was destroyed.

(B) To be or become low, of little height; to shorten, lower. Nagnabâ ang pángpang sang subâ. The river-bank has become low. Nanabaán akó siníng síya. This chair is too low for me. Utda ang tiíl sang lamésa, agúd magnabâ. Cut the legs of the table so that it may be low. (see nobô).

Shallowness, little depth; to be or become low, shallow (of a river, or the like). Nagnábaw na ang túbig sang subâ. The water of the river-has gone down,-is now quite shallow. Mahapús ang ámon pagtabók sa subâ, kay nanabáwan kamí sang túbig. It was easy for us to cross the river, because the water was shallow. (see nobô-to be low, of little height; dálum-to be deep; táas-to be high).

A prefix denoting the present tense active (transitive and intransitive), e.g. Nagahámpang, nagabása, etc. siá. He is playing, reading, etc. Nagahunâhúnà akó nga--. I think that--. Si nánay nagahímos sang panyága. Mother is getting dinner ready. Nagapabugál silá. They are proud. Nagahalín na silá. They are leaving now. Nagadulúm na ang kalibútan. It is getting dark. Nagabahâ ang subâ. The river is in flood. Daw sa nagabúg-at na ang íya ginabátyag. It seems that his condition is becoming serious.

A prefix denoting the present tense active with the added meaning of "paka", e.g.

a.) Nagapakamaálam siá. He is assuming an air of learning, he wants to appear learned. Nagapakabungól siá. He is feigning deafness. Nagapakamanggaránon siá. He is pretending to be rich. He tries to be taken for a rich man.

b.) Nagapakamaáyo siá siníng hágnà nga kasuguán. He approves this law or ordinance. Nagapakamahál siá sang íya pagtoloóhan. He values his faith. (The corresponding forms for the infinitive, future, imperative and past are "pagpaka-, magapaka-, magpaka-and nagpaka-").

Respecting, regarding, concerning, with regard to, with reference to, in point (in consideration) of, as concerns, as for, as to. Nahanungúd sinâ--. With regard to that--. Nahanungúd (Sa nahanungúd) sang íya nga ginsilíng--. With reference to what he said--. Walâ gid ikáw sing lábut nahanungúd sinâ. You have nothing to do with it. Mind your own business. (see tungúd, nahatungúd).

Any oblong or lengthy piece of any material, that is comparatively slender for its length, as a pole, stick, bamboo, rope, fibre, ribbon, candle, etc. Tátlo ka nahót nga kawáyan, káhoy, písì, bohók, etc. Three pieces (lengths) of bamboo, wood, string, hair, etc. Ang íya kasubô dáw nagapabúgras sang mga nahót sang íya tagiposóon. Her sorrow almost breaks her heart-strings. (see bílog).

To be or become nice, agreeable, beautiful. Nagnámì ang íya baláy, kay ginkaáyo níya. His house is now quite beautiful, for he has had it done up. Nanamían akó sang íya bestído. I consider her dress very nice. Kon mapísan ka paganamían ka gid sang báklon sa ímo ni tátay nga delárgo. If you are diligent,-father will buy you a beautiful pair of trousers,-you will see what a beautiful pair of trousers father will buy for you. Katahúm siní nga hampángan; natingála akó sang silíng mo nga walâ ka siní pagnamíi. How beautiful this toy is; I am astonished to hear you say that you were not pleased with it. Kon makítà mo ang laráwan ni Fuláno manamían ikáw sa walâ sing duhádúha. When you see N.N.'s photo you will, I am sure, consider it beautiful. (see tahúm, ányag, gayón, dálig, ámbong, ayóáyo).

To be or become or make sweet, tasty, delectable, dainty, savoury, delicious, exquisite, agreeable to the taste. Nagnámit na iníng mga páhò. These mangoes have now become delicious. Nanamítan akó siníng ságing. These bananas are nice, I like these bananas for their exquisite taste. These bananas taste to me delightful. Namíta ang paglútò sang panyága. Cook a tasty dinner.

Pleasant, pleasing, gentle, mild, cheerful, especially of the expression of the face; to be or become pleasant, etc. Nagnayánáya ang íya nawóng sang pagkabatî níya siní. When he heard this his face lit up with pleasure. Nanayánayáhan akó sang íya guyá. I consider his face quite pleasing or cheerful. His face impressed me with its placidity or gentleness. (see alikáya).

To be or become wide, spacious, roomy, ample, extensive, unobstructed, large, clear, plain, even. Nagnáyap na iníng lugár, kay natapás ang mga káhoy. This place is now an extensive clearing, because the trees have been cut down. Nanayápan akó sang íya umá. His farm appeared to me to be very large (extensive). (see hanáyap, hanáyak, hanáhay).

Proximity or nearness to, direction towards, side, party; in the direction of, towards, near, in the neighbourhood, neighbouring, at the side of, on the way to. Diín náyon ang ímo baláy? In what direction, where about is your home? Sa búkid náyon. Towards the mountains, in the direction of or near the mountains. Ang íya baláy dirí náyon sang simbáhan, ang ákon dídto náyon. His home is on this side of the church, mine is on the other side. Anó nga náyon ang íya nga ginahilayán? What side or party is he inclined to (does he favour)? Diín dapít náyon ang ímong palangúmhan? Whereabout (Whereabouts) is your farm? N.B. Dapít náyon is often used, but is really a pleonasm, as both terms mean the same thing. (see dapít).

A conjunctive particle used in various ways:

a.) to connect adjectives and nouns, nouns and nouns, etc., e.g. mabúg-at nga lúlan. A heavy load. Sa manábaw nga subâ. In the shallow river. Baláy nga bató. A stone building. Isá ka kúlon nga kán-on. A kettle full of rice. Mga ságing nga tinanók. Boiled bananas. Ang mga nagahuníhúni nga sirúmsirúm. The chirping crickets. Isá ka lubí nga binukâ. A split coconut.

b.) to connect ideas or sentences, equivalent to: that, in order that, if. Nakadumdúm akó nga--. I thought that--. Ang labíng maáyo nga magkádto ka dídto sa súbung siní. It would be best, if you went there at once. Indì mo pagkalímtan nga buás masúgud kitá magarádo. Don't forget that tomorrow we begin ploughing.

c.) as relative pronoun. Ang táo nga naglubás kaína amó ang ákon tíyò. The man who passed a while ago is my uncle. Amó iní ang bátà nga mahúmok gid sing úlo. This is the boy who has a very bright under-standing. Diín na ang tigíb nga gingámit ko kahápon? Where is the chisel I used yesterday?

d.) as an introduction to an exclamation. Nga pagkalisúd sang pangabúhì karón! Oh, how difficult living conditions are! Nga pagkabungúl siníng bátà! Oh, the stubbornness (obstinacy) of this boy! How stubborn this boy is!

Why; wherefore, for what reason, cause or purpose; now, how is that, let me see, tell me, or the like. Ngáa man nga ginhímò mo inâ? Why did you do that? Ngáa balá nga gintúga sang Diós ang kalibútan? Why did God create the world? Ngáa náton? How does it concern us? Why do we say so? What have we to do with it? Ngáa, isá gid ka anó ang mahátag níya sa ímo? Tell me, how much can he give you? Ngáa man nga índì (walâ) ka magkádto dídto? Why don't you (didn't you) go there? (see tungúd, sa, anó, bangúd, sa, anó, ándot).

To chatter, prattle, tittle-tattle, etc. See ngálngal, hádak, búrà, etc. Tinák-an akó sang památì sang íya nga ginangásal. I was bored listening to his prattle.

Shock, consternation, terror, fright; to cause or give a shock, frighten, terrify, strike with awe. Nangidlisán siá sang pagkabatî níya kon anó ang nahanabû. He received a shock (He was thunderstruck) when he heard what happened. (see bígne, sígne, kúgmat, lísang, palanglígbus, makangingídlis).

To loathe, recoil, be sickened, nauseated or revolted, abhor, feel like vomiting or have an aversion to, to detest, abominate, hate, feel repugnance to. Nagakangíl-ad akó sa pagtán-aw sang líntà. I hate to see (look upon) a leech. Dílì takús igkangíl-ad ang pagsagúd sa mga masakít. One should not show one's repugnance in attending on the sick. Ginangil-arán akó sang ípot sang kuríng. I feel like vomiting at the sight of a cat's dirt. (see taká, súm-od, lóod).

Affection for, attachment to; to cherish, wish to keep or retain, value the possession and regret the loss of, to miss, be unwilling to part with, be reluctant to give up, to grudge, begrudge. Dílì nínyo pagkangínlan (pagkangilínan) ang kwárta sa pagpatoón sa mga bátà. Don't grudge spending money for the education of children. Nangílin (Nagkangílin) siá sang relóh nga nadúlà. He highly valued the lost watch. He was quite upset by the loss of his watch. (see hílak).

(H) To be set on edge, have one's teeth set on edge. Nagngílo ang ákon ngípon siníng maáslum nga búnga sang sámbag. My teeth were set on edge by this sour tamarind. This sour tamarind has set my teeth on edge. Nangilóhan akó sináng línghud nga páhò. My teeth were set on edge by that green (unripe) mango. Ang búnga nga maáslum nagapangílo sang ngípon. Sour fruit sets the teeth on edge. (see nílo).